All About Muslims
Muslims
Muslims (Arabic: مسلم, transl. "submitter [to God]")[25] are people who adhere to Islam, an Abrahamic religion. They consider the Quran, the central religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main Islamic prophet and messenger.[26] The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (sunnah) as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith).[27]
Jihad (/dʒɪˈhɑːd/; Arabic: جهاد, romanized: jihād [dʒiˈhaːd]) is an Arabic word which literally means "striving" or "struggling", especially with a praiseworthy aim.[1][2][3][4] In an Islamic context, it can refer to almost any effort to make personal and social life conform with God's guidance, such as struggle against one's evil inclinations, proselytizing, or efforts toward the moral betterment of the Muslim community (Ummah),[1][2][5][6] though it is most frequently associated with war.[4][7] In classical Islamic law (sharia), the term refers to armed struggle against unbelievers,[2][3] while modernist Islamic scholars generally equate military jihad with defensive warfare.[8][9] In Sufi circles, spiritual and moral jihad has been traditionally emphasized under the name of greater jihad.[5][10][3] The term has gained additional attention in recent decades through its use by various insurgent Islamic extremist, militant Islamist, and terrorist individuals and organizations whose ideology is based on the Islamic notion of jihad.[5][7][11][12]
الجهاد (/ dʒɪˈhɑːd / ؛ العربية: جهاد ، بالحروف اللاتينية: جهاد) هي كلمة عربية تعني حرفياً "الكفاح" أو "الكفاح" ، خاصة بهدف جدير بالثناء. [1] [2] [3] [4] في سياق إسلامي ، يمكن أن تشير إلى أي جهد تقريبًا لجعل الحياة الشخصية والاجتماعية متوافقة مع توجيهات الله ، مثل النضال ضد الميول الشريرة للفرد ، أو التبشير ، أو الجهود المبذولة لتحسين أخلاق المجتمع المسلم (الأمة) ، [1] [2] [5] [6] على الرغم من أنه غالبًا ما يرتبط بالحرب. [4] [7] في القانون الإسلامي الكلاسيكي (الشريعة) ، يشير المصطلح إلى الكفاح المسلح ضد الكفار ، [2] [3] في حين أن علماء الإسلام الحداثيين بشكل عام يساويون بين الجهاد العسكري والحرب الدفاعية. [8] [9] في الأوساط الصوفية ، تم التأكيد تقليديًا على الجهاد الروحي والأخلاقي تحت اسم الجهاد الأكبر. [5] [10] [3] اكتسب المصطلح اهتمامًا إضافيًا في العقود الأخيرة من خلال استخدامه من قبل أفراد ومنظمات إسلامية متطرفة ومتشددة وإرهابية متنوعة تستند أيديولوجيتها على مفهوم الجهاد الإسلامي. [5] [7] [11] [12]
The word jihad appears frequently in the Qur'an with and without military connotations,[13] often in the idiomatic expression "striving in the path of God (al-jihad fi sabil Allah)",[14][15] conveying a sense of self-exertion.[16] They developed an elaborate set of rules pertaining to jihad, including prohibitions on harming those who are not engaged in combat.[17][18] In the modern era, the notion of jihad has lost its jurisprudential relevance and instead given rise to an ideological and political discourse.[5][8] While modernist Islamic scholars have emphasized the defensive and non-military aspects of jihad, some Islamists have advanced aggressive interpretations that go beyond the classical theory.[8][12]
In modern discourse, hijab (/hɪˈdʒɑːb, hɪˈdʒæb, ˈhɪdʒ.æb, hɛˈdʒɑːb/;[1][2][3][4] Arabic: حجاب, romanized: ḥijāb, pronounced [ħɪˈdʒaːb] in common English usage) refers to headcoverings worn by Muslim women. While Islamic headcoverings can come in many forms, hijab often specifically refers to a cloth wrapped around the head and neck, covering the hair but leaving the face visible.[5]
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